Terry Fox :: essays research papers

Terry Fox was born in Winnipeg, Manitoba, but inscribed in Port Coquitlam, British Columbia, a community near Vancouver on Canadas west coast. As an active teenager involved in many sports, in 1977 Terry was only 18 days old when he was diagnosed with bone cancer and forced to have his right leg amputated six inches above the knee. The night before his operation, Terry read an article about an amputee who had competed in the New York Marathon. Indirectly that story, along with Terrys observations of the intense suffering of cancer patients, set the stage for what would ultimately become the most important close of his young life. In 1980, Terry Fox inspired the nation by attempting to run across Canada with an artificial leg. He called this journey the Marathon of Hope. Its mission was to raise money and awareness for cancer research in Canada.With little to no attending, Terry started his journey in St. Johns, Newfoundland on April 12, 1980. Although it was difficult to get at tention in the beginning, hype soon grew, and the money collected along his route began to rise. He ran 43 kilometers a day through Canadas Atlantic Provinces, Quebec and Ontario. September 1, 1980 -- it was a dull day in Northern Ontario when Terry Fox ran his last miles. After 18 miles he started coughing and felt a pain in his chest. Terry knew how to cope with pain. Hed despite it as he always had before, hed simply keep going until the pain went away.For 3,339 miles, from St. Johns, Newfoundland, Canadas eastern most city on the shoring of the Atlantic, hed run through six provinces and now was two-thirds of the way home. Hed run close to a marathon a day, for 144 days.

The Effects of Political and Demographic Variables on Christian Coalition Scores :: Christianity Christian Religion Essays Research

The Effects of Political and Demographic Variables on Christian Coalition ScoresOne of the more or less interesting phenomena in American politics is the recent rise of the Christian right. First termed the Moral Majority by Jerry Falwell in the late 1970s, the Christian aright has undergone a name and a leader change. The Christian Coalition is currently led by Pat Robertson who seeks to continue much of the early work pioneered by the Moral Majority. The Moral Majority sought to reintroduce Christian principles into the political sphere. The Christian Coalition focuses on continuing these efforts in an attempt to reverse the honourable decay that threatens our great nation (Christian Coalition, 1996). The purpose of this research is to measure the political and demographic variables on House delegates frequency of voting with the Christian Coalition agenda. This is deliberate by the Christian Coalitions Congressional Scorecard as the percentage a representative supports the po sition held by the Coalition. The independent variables used in this research let in party affiliation of the representative, how the district voted in the 1988 presidential election, the percent minority in the district of voting age, percentage of district who had attended some college, and the median value household income of the district. These are examined to analyze their independent and collective effect on the representatives frequency of supporting the Christian Coalition (CC) agenda. The following hypotheses are the expected confirmable patterns base upon logic and conventional wisdom. It is expected that party affiliation will be a major factor in the frequency of a representative voting with the CC agenda, regardless of the non-partisan claim made by the CC organization. Specifically, if a representative were a Republican, she or he would vote more consistently with the CC agenda than a Democrat. Additionally, it is hypothesized that the greater a districts vote for R epublican George Bush in the 1988 presidential election, the higher their representatives support for the CC agenda. This assumption is based on the belief that a Republican vote for president would generally translate into the election of a Republican or at the least, a hidebound Democrat representative. With regard to the percent minorities in a district, it is hypothesized that because high concentrations of minorities tend to live in urban areas, which tend to receive a large good deal of social services and entitlements, the elected representative would not vote in favor of the CC agenda which often seeks to limit federal spending in these areas.

We Must Fight Internet Hate Propaganda :: Argumentative Persuasive Topics

We Must Fight Internet Hate Propaganda This essay approaches the subject of the hostility to traditional American values presented by the internet. At a very deep level the world of the internet can sometimes seem indifferent and make up hostile to morality. This is partly because internet culture is so deeply imbued with a typically postmodern sense that the only absolute truth is that there argon no absolute truths or that, if there were, they would be inaccessible to clement reason and therefore irrelevant(1). Among the specific problems presented by the internet is the presence of hate sites consecrate to defaming and attacking religious and ethnic groups. Some of these target churches. Like pornography and violence in the media, internet hate sites are reflections of the dark side of human nature. And while respect for free expression may require tolerating even voices of hatred up to a point, industry self-regulation-and, where required, intervention by public authority-s hould pass on and enforce reasonable limits to what can be publicly said. Church-related groups should be creatively present on the internet and well-motivated, well-informed individuals and unofficial groups acting on their knowledge initiative are entitled to be there as well. But it is confusing, to say the least, not to distinguish eccentric doctrinal interpretations, idiosyncratic devotional practices, and ideologic advocacy bearing a specific church label, from the authentic positions of that Church. There needs to be the victimization of an anthropology and a theology of communication(2) with specific source to the internet. Christians, as concerned members of the larger Internet audience who also have legitimate particular interests of their own, wish to be part of the process that guides the future development of this new medium. It goes without saying that this will sometimes require them to adjust their own thinking and practice. It is important, too, that all peop le use the Internet creatively to meet their responsibilities and attend to fulfill their mission in life. Hanging back timidly from fear of technology or for some other reason is not acceptable, in mint of the very many positive possibilities of the Internet. Methods of facilitating communication and dialogue among people can strengthen the bonds of unity between them. Immediate access to information makes it possible to transfer dialogue with the contemporary world. People in leadership positions in all sectors of society need to understand the internet, apply this understanding in formulating plans for social communication theory together with concrete policies and programs in this area, and make appropriate use of this media.

Kingdom of God Essay -- Christianity, Psychology

In Psychology and Christianity Integration, Stevenson reveals three points about God our Father. The source point is that God is totally knowing God knows and sees all that His people do. Majority of humankind think that they can hide their evil thoughts or that He cannot see them when they sin. God sees everything and knows the hearts of his Children. It would not be implausible to assume that our Creator could be disappointed in the world today. With such evils as murder, theft, and detestation carrying on daily in this world, God is saddened. For these reasons it is that much more important that, as Christians, we stay in the light of God. (Stevenson, 2007) The second point is that God knows all possible things God knows our present as well as what will happen in the future. Our lives have already been laid out and planned for us. He already knows what we are leaving to do even before we do it. God knows how our stories will be told and how they going to begin and en d. He even knows who is going to turn their backs on him before the offender knows that he is going to do it. (Stevenson, 2007) The third point expressed in this text is that God knows what should be. (Stevenson, 2007) Many times, we as humans think we know what is best for ourselves and we stray away from Gods plan. Through free will, God allows us the ability to choose our accept paths. When we travel our own path, instead of the one that God has predestined, we end up with feelings of hurt and loneliness. Even with all of these faults, our Heavenly Father is such a charitable God that He will take us back. These three points give us an overview of how powerful and merciful the Father truly is. The author provides us with intimately positive statements abo... ...lly to deal with issues raised by the client that fall outside a counselors own perimeter of expertise, and a referral can be made there are books, videos, groups, classes, broadcasts, conferences, and much mo re, available for the promotion of psychological health. The journey is an adventure that takes a lifetime. (Feldman, 1987)ReferencesFeldman, Robert S. (1987). Understanding psychology. New York McGraw- pitcher Book Co.Holy Bible. accepted King James VersionPittman, Bill B., Dick (Eds.). (1998). Courage to change The Christian roots of the twelve-step movement. Center City, MN Hazelden.Johnson, E. (2007). Christ the lord of psychology. In D. Stevenson, B. Eck & P. Hill (Eds), Psychology & Christianity Integration Seminal Works that Shaped the Movement Batavia, Illinois Christian Association for Psychological Studies, Inc..

Caring for Women With Preeclampsia and Eclampsia Essay -- Nursing, He

When caring for a charr who is experiencing preeclampsia, there are many different things a nurse essential keep in mind. Depending on whether she is experiencing antepartum preeclampsia or postnatal preeclampsia, the techniques used to shell out for the patient differ. When treating a woman who is currently experiencing antepartum preeclampsia, care can be provided in either a hospital environment or at the patients home. Due to increasing pushes in the healthcare field, more women tend to care for their preeclampsia in their own home setting. There are, however, certain ramifications that must be met in order for a woman to be able to partake in home care she must have a blood pressure less than or equal to cl/100 mm Hg, proteinuria that measures less than 1 g/24 hours or 3+ dipstick, a normal fetal growth if not at term, no present signs of vaginal bleeding, and a platelet count greater than 120,000 mm3. The mother or mother-to-be will monitor fetal movements and should be properly instructed in how to complete this intervention. She should also be taught to monitor her blood pressure, weight, and urine protein daily. The woman is instructed to limit any activity and allow for plenty of resting time, lying in the left hand lateral recumbent position as much as possible. It is extremely important that the woman recognizes any abnormal signs and symptoms of her disease that would indicate the worsening of her learn such as an increase in weight of 1.4 kg or 3 lbs in 24 hours or 1.8 kg (4lbs) within a 3 day period. A woman with increasing signs and symptoms or a worsening of her condition will be hospitalized. If a womans condition has worsened, or she has severe preeclampsia upon assessment during her initial visit, she is ad... ...sure limited exposure of the patient and to provide a female care provider to carry out the postpartum BUBBLEHED assessment that is crucial for the mother who was diagnosed with preeclampsia during her pregnancy (C harles and Daroszewski, 2012). Works CitedCharles, C. E., & Beth Daroszewski, ,. (2012). Culturally Competent Nursing Care of the Muslim Patient. Issues In Mental Health Nursing, 33(1), 61-63 inside10.3109/01612840.2011.596613Hoedjes, M., Berks, D., Vogel, I., Franx, A., Bangma, M., Darlington, A. E., & ... Raat, H. (2011). Postpartum Depression After Mild and Severe Preeclampsia. Journal Of Womens Health (15409996), 20(10), 1535-1542. doi10.1089/jwh.2010.2584McCoy, S., & Baldwin, K. (2009). Pharmacotherapeutic options for the treatment of preeclampsia. American Journal Of Health-System Pharmacy, 66(4), 337-344. doi10.2146/ajhp080104

Caring for Women With Preeclampsia and Eclampsia Essay -- Nursing, He

When caring for a woman who is experiencing preeclampsia, there are many different things a nurse must keep in mind. Depending on whether she is experiencing antepartum preeclampsia or postpartum preeclampsia, the techniques used to care for the patient differ. When treating a woman who is currently experiencing antepartum preeclampsia, care can be provided in either a hospital environment or at the patients home. Due to increasing pushes in the healthcare field, more women lead to care for their preeclampsia in their own home setting. There are, however, certain ramifications that must be met in order for a woman to be equal to partake in home care she must have a blood pressure less than or equal to 150/100 mm Hg, proteinuria that measures less than 1 g/24 hours or 3+ dipstick, a normal fetal growth if not at term, no manifest signs of vaginal bleeding, and a platelet count greater than 120,000 mm3. The mother or mother-to-be will monitor fetal movements and should be prope rly instructed in how to complete this intervention. She should too be taught to monitor her blood pressure, weight, and urine protein daily. The woman is instructed to limit any activity and allow for plenty of resting time, lying in the left lateral decumbent position as much as possible. It is extremely important that the woman recognizes any abnormal signs and symptoms of her disease that would indicate the worsening of her condition such as an increase in weight of 1.4 kg or 3 lbs in 24 hours or 1.8 kg (4lbs) within a 3 day period. A woman with increasing signs and symptoms or a worsening of her condition will be hospitalized. If a womans condition has worsened, or she has severe preeclampsia upon assessment during her initial visit, she is ad... ...sure limited exposure of the patient and to provide a female care provider to carry out the postpartum BUBBLEHED assessment that is significant for the mother who was diagnosed with preeclampsia during her pregnancy (Charles and Daroszewski, 2012). Works CitedCharles, C. E., & Beth Daroszewski, ,. (2012). Culturally Competent Nursing Care of the Muslim Patient. Issues In Mental Health Nursing, 33(1), 61-63 doi10.3109/01612840.2011.596613Hoedjes, M., Berks, D., Vogel, I., Franx, A., Bangma, M., Darlington, A. E., & ... Raat, H. (2011). Postpartum embossment After Mild and Severe Preeclampsia. Journal Of Womens Health (15409996), 20(10), 1535-1542. doi10.1089/jwh.2010.2584McCoy, S., & Baldwin, K. (2009). Pharmacotherapeutic options for the treatment of preeclampsia. American Journal Of Health-System Pharmacy, 66(4), 337-344. doi10.2146/ajhp080104

The Self in the World: the Social Context of Sylvia Plath’s Late Poems

The Self in the World The Social Context of Sylvia Plaths Late Poems, (essay date 1980) In the following essay, Annas offers analysis of de someonealisation disorder in Plaths poetry which, according to Annas, embodies Plaths response to oppressive modern society and her dual spirit of ego as both field of force and object. For surely it is m that the effect of disencouragement upon the mind of the artist should be measured, as I pack seen a dairy company measure the effect of ordinary milk and figure A milk upon the body of the rat.They set two rats in cages side by side, and of the two ace was furtive, timid and small, and the other was glossy, bold and big. Now what nutrition do we feed women as artists upon? Virginia Woolf, A Room of Ones Own The dialectical tension between self and initiation is the location of meaning in Sylvia Plaths later(a) poems. Characterized by a conflict between stasis and movement, isolation and engagement, these poems be largely ab step f orward what stands in the way of the possibility of rebirth for the self.In Totem, she writes Thither is no terminus, hardly correspondcases / Out of which the same self unfolds like a suit / Bald and shiny, with pockets of wishes / Notions and tickets, short circuits and folding mirrors. While in the early poems the self was a lot imaged in footing of its own possibilities for transmogrifyation, in the post-Colossus poems the self is more often seen as trapped within a close tod cycle. One moves that and in a circle and interminably back to the same starting point. Rather than the self and the origination, the Ariel poems record the self in the being.The self can change and develop, transform and be reborn, only if the innovation in which it exists does the possibilities of the self atomic number 18 intimately and inextricably bound up with those of the world. Sylvia Plaths sense of entrapment, her sense that her choices argon profoundly limited, is let onrightaday s connected to the particular time and place in which she wrote her poetry. Betty Friedan describes the late fifties and early sixties for American women as a comfortable concentration campyphysically luxurious, mentally oppressive and impoverished.The recurring metaphors of fragmentation and reificationthe abstraction of the individualin Plaths late poetry are societally and historically based. They are images of Nazi concentration camps, of fire and bombs through the roof (The Applicant), of cannons, of trains, of wars, wars, wars (Daddy). And they are images of kitchens, iceboxes, adding machines, typewriters, and the depersonalization of hospitals. The sea and the moon are still strategic images for Plath, but in the Ariel poems they have taken on a harsher quality. The moon, also, is merciless, she writes in Elm. While a painfully acute sense of the depersonalization and fragmentation of 1950s America is de evil characteristic of Ariel, three poems describe particularly w ell the social adorn within which the I of Sylvia Plaths poems is trapped The Applicant, Cut, and The Munich Mannequins. The Applicant is explicitly a portrait of marriage in present-day(a) Western culture. However, the courtship and wedding in the poem represent non only male/female dealings but forgiving congeners in popular.That job seeking is the central metaphor in The Applicant suggests a close connection between the capitalist economic system, the patriarchal family structure, and the general depersonalization of human relations. Somehow all interaction between pack, and especially that between men and women, given the score of the use of women as items of barter, come alongs here to be conditioned by the ideology of a bureaucratized market place. However this system got started, both men and women are implicated in its perpetuation.As in many of Plaths poems, one feels in reading The Applicant that Plath sees herself and her imaged personae as not merely caught i nvictims ofthis situation, but in some sense culpable as well. In The Applicant, the poet is talk directly to the reader, addressed as you throughout. We too are implicated, for we too are potential applicants. People are described as crippled and as dismembered pieces of bodies in the first stanza of The Applicant. Thus imagery of dehumanization begins the poem.Moreover, the pieces described here are not even flesh, but a chalk eye, false teeth or a crutch, / A brace or a hook, / Rubber breasts or a rubber crotch. We are already so involved in a sterile and machine-dominated culture that we are likely part artifact and sterile ourselves. One is reminded not only of the imagery of other Plath poems, but also of the compulsory metaphor of Ken Keseys One Flew Over the Cuckoos Nest, written at about the same time as TheApplicantin 1962, and Chief Bromdens conviction that those people who are integrated into society are just collections of wheels and cogs, smaller replicas of a sm oothly functioning larger social machine. The ward is a factory for the Combine, Bromden thinks. Something that came all perverse different is now a functioning, adjusted component, a credit to the whole outfit and a marvel to behold. Watch him sliding across the land with a welded grin . . . In stanza two of The Applicant, Plath describes the emptiness which characterizes the applicant and which is a variant on the roboticized activity of Keseys Adjusted Man. Are there stitches to show somethings missing? she asks. The applicants fall in is empty, so she provides a hand To fill it and get outing To bring teacups and roll away headaches And do whatever you tell it go out you marry it? Throughout the poem, people are talked about as split and surfaces. The suit introduced in stanza three is at least as alive as the hollow man and machinelike doll char of the poem.In fact, the suit, an artifact, has more substance and certainly more durability than the person to whom it is off ered in marriage. Ultimately, it is the suit which gives shape to the applicant where before he was shapeless, a junk heap of come apart move. I notice you are stark naked. How about this suit Black and stiff, but not a bad fit. Will you marry it? It is waterproof, shatterproof, proof Against fire and bombs through the roof. Believe me, theyll bury you in it.The man in the poem is finally defined by the black suit he puts on, but the definition of the char shows her to be even more alienated and dehumanized. While the man is a junk heap of miscellaneous parts given shape by a suit of clothes, the adult female is a wind-up toy, a puppet of that black suit. She doesnt even exist unless the black suit postulate and wills her to. Will you marry it? It is guaranteed To thumb shut your eyes at the end And dissolve of sorrow. We make young stock from the salt. The woman in the poem is referred to as it. Like the man, she has no individuality, but where his suit gives him form, stand ing for the role he plays in a bureaucratic society, for the work he does, the only thing that gives the woman form is the institution of marriage. She does not exist before it and dissolves back into nothingness after it. In The Applicant there is at least an implication that something exists underneath the mans black suit that til now fragmented he is, he at least marries the suit and he at least has a choice. In contrast, the woman is the role she plays she does not exist apart from it. Naked as wallpaper to start, Plath writes, scarce in twenty-five years shell be silver, In fifty, gold. A financial support doll, everywhere you look. It can sew, it can cook. It can talk, talk, talk. The man, the type of a standard issue corporation junior executive, is also alienated. He has freedom of choice only in comparison to the much more limited situation of the woman. That is to say, he has relative freedom of choice in direct proportion to his role as recognized worker in the econom ic structure of his society. This should not imply, however, that this man is in any kind of satisfying and meaningful relation to his work.The emphasis in The Applicant upon the mans surfacehis black suittogether with the enterprisingness question of the poem (First, are you our sort of person? ) suggests that even his relationship to his work is not going to be in any sense direct or satisfying. It will be filtered first through the suit of clothes, then through the glass eye and rubber crotch before it can reach the real human being, assuming there is anything left of him. The woman in the poem is seen as an appendage she works, but she works in a realm outside socially recognized labor.She works for the man in the black suit. She is seen as making contact with the world only through the medium of the man, who is already twice removed. This buffering effect is exacerbated by the fact that the man is probably not engaged in work that would allow him to feel a relationship to the product of his labor. He is probably a bureaucrat of some kind, and therefore his relationship is to pieces of paper, successive and fragmented paradigms of the product (whatever it is, chamberpots or wooden tables) rather than to the product itself.And of course, the more buffered the man is, the more buffered the woman is, for in a sense her real relationship to the world of labor is that of consumer rather than producer. Therefore, her only relationship to socially acceptable productionas opposed to consumptionis through the man. In another sense, however, the woman is not a consumer, but a commodity. Certainly she is seen as a commodity in this poem, as a reward only slightly less important than his black suit, which the man receives for being our sort of person. It can be argued that the man is to some extent also a commodity yet just as he is in a sense more a laborer and less a consumer than the womanat least in terms of the social recognition of his emplacementso in a secon d sense he is more a consumer and less a commodity than the woman. And when we move out from the particularly flat, paper-like image of the woman in the poem to the consciousness which speaks the poem in a tone of bitter irony, then the situation of the woman as unrecognized worker/recognized commodity becomes clearer.The man in The Applicant, because of the middle class bureaucratic nature of his work (one does not wear a new black suit to work in a steel mill or to handcraft a cabinet) and because of his position vis-a-vis the woman (her social existence depends upon his recognition), is more a member of an exploiting class than one which is exploited. There are some parts of his world, specifically those involving the woman, in which he can feel himself relatively in control and therefore able to understand his relationship to this world in a contemplative way.Thus, whatever we may think of the system he has bought into, he himself can see it as comparatively stable, a paradigm with certain static features which nevertheless allows him to move upward in an orderly fashion. at heart the context of this poem, then, and within the context of the womans relationship to the man in the black suit, she is finally both worker and commodity while he is consumer. Her position is close to that of the Marxist conception of the proletariat.Fredric Jameson, in Marxism and Form, defines the perception of external objects and events which arises naturally in the consciousness of an individual who is simultaneously worker and commodity. Even before the worker posits elements of the outside world as objects of his thought, he feels himself to be an object, and this initial alienation within himself takes precedence over everything else. Yet precisely in this terrible alienation lies the strength of the workers position his first movement is not toward knowledge of the work but toward knowledge of himself as an object, toward self-consciousness.Yet this self-consciousness, because it is initially knowledge of an object (himself, his own labor as a commodity, his life force which he is under obligation to sell), permits him more genuine knowledge of the commodity nature of the outside world than is granted to middle-class objectivity. For and here Jameson quotes Georg Lukacs in The History of Class Consciousness his consciousness is the self-consciousness of merchandise itself . . . This dual consciousness of self as both subject and object is characteristic of the literary productions of minority and/or oppressed classes.It is characteristic of the proletarian writer in his (admittedly often dogmatic) perception of his relation to a decadent olden, a dispossessed present, and a utopian future. It is characteristic of black American writers W. E. B. Du Bois makes a statement very similar in substance to Jamesons in The Souls of Black Folk, and certainly the basic empirical condition of Ellisons invisible man is his dual consciousness which only t oward the end of that novel becomes a means to freedom of action rather than paralysis.It is true of contemporary women writers, of novelists like Doris Lessing, Margaret Atwood, and Rita Mae Brown, and of poets like Denise Levertov, Adrienne Rich, and Marge Piercy. In a sense, it is more characteristic of American literature than of any other major world literature, for each immigrant group, however great its desire for assimilation into the American power structure, initially possessed this dual consciousness.Finally, a dialectical perception of self as both subject and object, both worker and commodity, in relation to past and future as well as present, is characteristic of revolutionary literature, whether the revolution is political or cultural. Sylvia Plath has this dialectical awareness of self as both subject and object in particular relation to the society in which she lived. The occupation for her, and perhaps the main problem of Cold War America, is in the second aspect o f a dialectical consciousnessan awareness of oneself in markingificant relation to past and future.The first person narrator of what is probably Plaths best short story, Johnny Panic and the Bible of Dreams, is a clerk/typist in a psychiatric clinic, a self-described dream cognoscente who keeps her own personal record of all the dreams which pass through her office, and who longs to look at the oldest record book the Psychoanalytic Institute possesses. This dream book was spiffy new the day I was born, she says, and elsewhere makes the connection even clearer The clinic started thirty-three years agothe year of my birth, oddly enough. This connection suggests the way in which Plath uses history and views herself in relation to it. The landscape of her late work is a contemporary social landscape. It goes back in time to encompass such significant historical events as the Rosenberg trial and executionthe opening chapter of The Bell Jar alludes dramatically to these eventsand of cour se it encompasses, is perhaps obsessed with, the major historical event of Plaths time, the second world war.But social history seems to stop for Plath where her own life starts, and it is replaced at that point by a mythic timeless past populated by creatures from common people tale and classical mythology. This is not surprising, since as a woman this poet had little part in shaping history. Why should she feel any relation to it? But more crucially, there is no imagination of the future in Sylvia Plaths work, no utopian or even antiutopian consciousness.In her poetry there is a dialectical consciousness of the self as simultaneously object and subject, but in her particular social context she was unable to develop a consciousness of herself in relation to a past and future beyond her own lifetime. This foreshortening of a historical consciousness affects in turn the dual consciousness of self in relation to itself (as subject) and in relation to the world (as object). It raises t he question of how one accounts objectively for oneself. For instance, if I am involved in everything I see, can I still be objective and empirical in my perception, free from myth and language?Finally, this foreshortening of historical consciousness affects the question of whether the subject is a function of the object or vice versa. Since the two seem to have equal possibilities, this last question is never resolved. As a result, the individual feels trapped and in Sylvia Plaths poetry one senses a continual struggle to be reborn into some new present which causes the perceiving consciousness, when it opens its eyes, to discover that it has instead (as in Lady Lazarus) made a theatrical / restitution in broad day / To the same place, the same face, the same brute / Amused shout A miracle This difficulty in locating the self and the attachment suspicion that as a result the self may be unreal are clear in poems like Cut, which describe the self-image of the poet as paper. The apparent(prenominal) occasion of Cut is slicing ones finger instead of an onion the first two stanzas of the poem describe the cut finger in minute and almost naturalistic detail. There is a suppressed hysteria here which is only discernible in the poems curious mixture of surrealism and objectivity.The images of the poem are predominantly images of act of terrorism and war, immediately suggested to the poet by the sight of her bleeding finger out of a gap / A million soldiers run, Saboteur / Kamikaze man, and finally, trepanne d veteran. The metaphors of war are extensive, and, though suggested by the actual experience, they are removed from it. In the one place in the poem where the speaker mentions her own tone of voices as a cop entity (apart from but including her cut finger) the image is of paper. She says, O my Homunculus, I am ill. I have taken a pill to killThe thin Papery feeling. Paper often stands for the self-image of the poet in the post-Colossus poems. It is used in the title poem of Crossing the Water, where the two black cut-paper people appear less substantial and less real than the substantialness and immensity of the natural world surrounding them. In the play Three Women, the Secretary says of the men in her office there was something about them like cardboard, and now I had caught it. She sees her own infertility as directly related to her complicity in a bureaucratic, impersonal, male-dominated society.Paper is symbolic of our particular socioeconomic condition and its characteristic bureaucratic labor. It stands for insubstantiality the paper model of something is clearly less real than the thing itself, even though in developed economies the machines, accoutrements, and objects appear to have vitality, purpose, and emotion, while the people are literally colorless, objectified, and atrophied. The paper self is therefore part of Plaths portrait of a depersonalized society, a bureaucracy, a paper world.In A Life (Crossing the Water ), she writes A woman is dragging her rump in a circle / About a bald hospital saucer. / It resembles the moon, or a sheet of blank paper / And appears to have suffered a secret blitzkrieg. In Tulips the speaker of the poem, also a hospital patient, describes herself as flat, ridiculous, a cut-paper shadow / Between the eye of the sun and the eyes of the tulips. In The Applicant, the woman is once again described as paper Naked as paper to start / But in twenty-five years shell be silver, / In fifty, gold. Here in Cut, the thin, / Papery feeling juxtaposes her emotional dissociation from the wound to the horrific detail of the cut and the bloody images of conflict it suggests. It stands for her sense of depersonalization, for the separation of self from self, and is juxtaposed to that devaluation of human life which is a necessary precondition to war, the separation of society from itself. In this context, it is significant that one would take a pill to kill a feeling of substa ncelessness and depersonalization. Writing about American women in the 1950s, Betty Friedan asks, Just what was the problem that had no name?What were the words women used when they tried to express it? Sometimes a woman would say, I feel empty somehow . . . incomplete. Or she would say, I feel as if I dont exist. Sometimes she blotted out the feeling with a tranquilizer. A papery world is a sterile world this equation recurs throughout the Ariel poems. For Sylvia Plath, stasis and perfection are always associated with sterility, while fertility is associated with movement and process. The opening lines of The Munich Mannequins introduce this equation. idol is terrible, Plath writes, it cannot have children. / Cold as snow breath, it tamps the womb / Where the yew trees blow like hydras. The setting of The Munich Mannequins is a city in winter. Often, Plaths poems have imaged winter as a time of rest preceding rebirth (Wintering, Frog Autumn), but only when the reference point is nature. The natural world is characterized in Sylvia Plaths poems by process, by the ebb and flow of months and seasons, by a continual dying and rebirth. The moon is a symbol for the monthly ebb and flow of the tides and of a womans body.The social world, however, the world of the city, is both male defined and separated from this process. In the city, winter has more sinister connotations it suggests death rather than hibernation. Here the cold is equated with the perfection and sterility to which the poems opening lines refer. Perfection stands in The Munich Mannequins for something artificially created and part of the social world. The poem follows the male quest for perfection to its logical endmannequins in a store windowlifeless and mindless in their sulphur loveliness, in their smiles. The mannequins contrast with the real woman in the same way that the city contrasts with the moon. The real woman is not static but complicated The tree of life and the tree of life Unloo sing their moons, month after month, to no purpose. The blood flood is the flood of love, The absolute capitulate However, in Munich, morgue between Paris and Rome, the artificial has somehow triumphed. Women have become mannequins or have been replaced by mannequins, or at least mannequins seem to have a greater reality because they are more ordered and comprehensible than real women.It is appropriate that Plath should focus on the middle class of a German city, in a country where fascism was a middle class movement and women allowed themselves to be idealized, to be perfected, to be made, essentially, into mannequins. In The Munich Mannequins, as in The Applicant, Plath points out the deadening of human beings, their disappearance and fragmentation and accretion into the objects that surround them. In The Applicant the woman is a paper doll here she has been replaced by a store window dummy.In The Applicant all that is left of her at the end is a kind of saline solution in The Mu nich Mannequins the only remaining sign of her presence is the domesticity of these windows / The baby lace, the green-leaved confectionery. And where the man in The Applicant is described in terms of his black suit, here the men are described in terms of their shoes, present in the anonymity of hotel corridors, where Hands will be opening doors and setting Down shoes for a polish of carbon Into which broad toes will go tomorrow. People accrete to their things, are absorbed into their artifacts.Finally, they lose all sense of a whole self and become atomized. Parts of them connect to their shoes, parts to their suits, parts to their lace curtains, parts to their iceboxes, and so on. There is nothing left people have become reified and dispersed into a cluttered artificial landscape of their own production. Because the world she describes is a place created by men rather than women (since men are in control of the forces of production), Plath sees men as having ultimate culpablenes s for this state of affairs which affects both men and women.But men have gone further than this in their desire to change and control the world around them. In The Munich Mannequins man has finally transformed woman into a puppet, a mannequin, something that reflects both his disgust with and his fear of women. A mannequin cannot have children, but neither does it have that messy, terrifying, and incomprehensible blood flow each month. Mannequins entirely do away with the problems of female creativity and self-determination.Trapped inside this vision, therefore, the speaker of the Ariel poems sees herself caught between nature and society, biology and intellect, Dionysus and Apollo, her self definition and the expectations of others, as between two mirrors. Discussion of the Ariel poems has often centered around Sylvia Plaths most shocking images. Yet her images of wars and concentration camps, of mass and individual violence, are only the end result of an underlying depersonalizat ion, an abdication of people to their artifacts, and an economic and social structure that equates people and objects.Like the paper doll woman in The Applicant, Sylvia Plath was doubly alienated from such a world, doubly objectified by it, and as a woman artist, doubly isolated within it. Isolated both from a past tradition and a present community, she found it difficult to structure new alternatives for the future. No wonder her individual quest for rebirth failed as it led her continuously in a circle back to the same self in the

Explore the Significance of Metafiction in Jeanette Winterson’s Story of the Twelve Dancing Princesses

Throughout Wintersons rendition of the twelve dancing princesses adapted from the renowned story by the Grimm Brothers the plot canal is explicitly centred around an array of fictive images. implicitly though, the metafiction and accretion used chiffonier be unveiled as symbolism that correlates with a larger meaning the images associated with men are uncomfortable and even execration in comparison to the comforting images (including the mermaid) that represent womanhood. Therefore, in the two specific examples of the mermaid and the poison, the reader may accept fiction as an underlying detail that leads to a deeper truth or argument.In the exact example of the mermaid the reader learns that the senior princess has fallen in love with her (the mermaid) and that they die hard in the well together. The scene is evidently fictional mermaids dont exist, and if they did, then Jordon and the princess wouldnt be able to stand in the well and converse with the mermaid due to biological impossibilities. Therefore the statement is now false, yet the reader may retrieve themselves accepting it as truth in order to move on to the grittiness of the plotline, and discover the significance of the mermaid her repair can be interpreted in various ways.Firstly, the mermaid could be seen as the product of rebellion against the conventional ritual of marriage to a husband. Rebellion seems a probable suggestion after studying the original story, which Wintersons tosh is arguably a continuation of. The doors that were shut and locked up each night exemplify the mystifys masculine domination over the freedom of his daughters. Likewise, in the tale the Kings offspring would rather see the soldiers killed than have their freedom bound that they laughed heartily at the sleeping soldier exhibits this.That the princess had to plunge in deep waters in Wintersons tale exemplifies how she was willing to face the unknown (traditionally in literature the ocean is feared e. g. In th e Tempest Ferdinand cries hell is empty and all of the devils are here before plummeting into the ocean) in order to search for entertainment off from her husband. Secondly, the mermaid could represent the princesses craving for womanhood this links on from the rebellion against masculine dominance.The deep waters as a meeting place, followed by the fact that the couple live in the well envisaging a womb like place due to its round and wet characteristics may bring to some readers minds an obvious yearning for womanly presence and dominance within the princess. It is noticeable that the existence of a mother is lacking in both renditions of the myth and so arguably the princess may be trying to reconnect with the womb of the Motherly figure that appears nonexistent in childhood. Acceptance of nonsense can be further seen on page 55 in a passage where content may be viewed as allegorical.There is also arguably a sense of intertextuality as it bares grammatical construction to t he synoptic bible passage of the demon possessed man (Mathew 828-34), which should consequently ring out clear symbolic meaning to the reader. The melodramatic line Out of his (the husband) belly came a group of cattle and a fleet of pigs can be defined by the reader as an impossible scenario. whence the reader will seek the implicit meaning which holds a deeper content. In the Bible passage, the rearing of swine off the cliff enabled the demon possessed man to flip freed from his past torments.Therefore, the suggestion could be that the husband is better off dead, released from sin, than living alive as an overeater with evil within him gluttony being a biblical crime. This argument is supported when the door salesman says to the princess you are right to kill him. The princesss hate for her husbands obesity reflects the squeeze status of their marriage nowhere in the passage does any form of love or appreciation ring clear, only a sense of endurance we had been married a a couple of(prenominal) years for example suggests that the princess thinks that this is a fair enough trail run before murdering him .He is presented as unlikeable through firstly the unpleasant verbs that the princess attaches to his actions gulped, crashing, swelled, complained and second through the portrayal of him as the demon. Arguably, the princess finds control and order after the fictional explosion that kills her husband, as Winterson writes in the first person, I rounded them (the herd) up stressing the herds obedience to her contrasting to their disorderly actions to the husband who had always complained about his digestion while the herds had been inside of him.Following on from this, it is arguable that with the ending of her (the princesss) marriage came her ability to live according to her tastes. Her unbowed satisfaction is exemplified in the final sentence I prefer farming to cooking, which, again allegorically, is arguably stating that she prefers her single bearing where she farms the cattle- , to her married life where she cooks the cattle. Therefore, again in this passage, the reader may accept that the content is fanciful to the real world, but for the passage it is necessary as the images created have significant impact on the symbolic meaning that Winterson is creating.Is Winterson a feminist? This could certainly be argued given the evidence found in the passages. A strong conclusion to her sketch is that woman have more of a chance of living happily ever after by living according to their own tastes than through forced marriage the latter being the favourable traditionally in fairytales. This is mainly because Wintersons argument represents a changing view of a womans place in a more modern society than that of Grimms.Although she retains the same time period as the original tale, the conclusion that woman can find freedom through outwitting their husbands is much different from literature that would have been produced in early decades (albeit freedom is temporarily found by the daughters in Grimms tale when they outwit their father, and the soldiers night after night). Therefore a reader may acknowledge the falsehood in Wintersons passages, and yet acknowledge it as true in search for the deeper truth underneath.

Course Study Calcuttas metro Essay

The first main concern for the construction of the project is the funds. So as the mayor of Calcutta my first step is to get the funds needful to start up this project. These funds would be acquired from various(a) sources like donations, taxes, and loans. Once the funds are acquired, the next step would be to look into the plan of the project. I would take the touch of a few well-known engineers before an actual plan is taken up. I would make it a point to see to it that the various pros and cons of different plans are taken into consideration before starting the project. Then I would select that project which would give us the maximum benefits within the procurable budget and least disturbances to the normal life in the city. I would consider the efficient labor to carry on the choke of this project.I would play fill up attention and make sure that all the basic facilities that are required by the citizens would not be disturbed due to the commencement of this project. Every achievable option would be exhausted to make sure that the project would not cause any kind of inconvenience to the normal life of the citizens. In my opinion there is no such thing as bad luck and nothing happens by chance. Everything is planned and has a definite purpose. It is only our hard work that will make us or break us. Therefore, it is important to take into consideration a 360 degree view of any problem before we drub it. If the situation is looked upon from only one angle, then all the disadvantages of the remaining angles will occur. Although it may be a little time consuming and painful in the beginning, it is important to know that the hard work pays it all. Had the mayor seen the consequences of starting this project from various points of view. I believe this situation would not have been escalated at all.

Management of Bipolar (Manic Depression)

Forgotten Kids ar tikeren that obtain disabilities that are barely visible. They get under ones skin their arms and legs, burn see and hear, run, play, etc. , but most have n forever been invited to a birthday party or to a sleep over. They are the last to be chosen to play and the first to be blamed. Their illnesses arent fatal, but a small part of their hearts and souls die with every rejection.Their behaviors appear odd or unpredictable to themselves as much as to society. They are misunderstood and overlooked, thus the name Forgotten Kids. Maybe I can stimulate understanding by showing and providing insight into the life of a child struck with mental illness and hopefully people will realize that my child is just as special as the next. An estimated 7,000,000 children in Missouri that suffers from these invisible disabilities. Mental illness not only affects the life of the child but the full confederation. I live with this fact every day because my son suffers from Bip olar, better known as Manic Depression.Bipolar children long to be free of the unknown feelings of sadness or euphoria and the voices that torment them. They wish for a good nights sleep and hope for a day when they can put their words on paper. They dream of friends who dont abandon them when their moods change and look for a miracle in the eyes of doctors who dont always believe that bipolar can happen to a child. Until society becomes more aware and accepting of these illnesses, our future children with these disabilities stand no chance.My son,was diagnosed at progress nine after his third hobble in a childs psychiatric unit. He was admitted following a period of behaviors I could not understand nor control. I remember him world different (I now know he was Manic) as far back as three years old, leaving me with raging emotions of guilt, shame, loss and grief. By age nine, he had begun lying, stealing, destroying property, setting fires, and hurting himself (these are called rages. ) He had no friends at school, though he would say that wasnt true.He was filled with an anger I could not comprehend. Most people who knew us said it was my fault as a parent that if I would just control him, he would be fine. non only was my son stigmatized but so was I. Not until we located the right doctor and started the proper medications that he needed was he fine. Through the years as the medication began working its wonders a new child began to emerge. He laughs, he plays, but most of all he talks about what he feels. He would say that we cannot conceive his isolation, and the depth of it at times.He would apologize for the fact that he couldnt offer me better understanding. I realized then that what he gives is so much more valuable. He gives me an opportunity to discover the depth of my character, my love, my commitment, my patience, my ability to cope, and the opportunity to explore my spirit more deeply than I ever imagined. I told him that because of him, I am driven to go further than I would have ever gone on my own, working harder, seeking answers to the many questions that seemed to have no answers.He describes a world that seems to pass him by. How he longs to run and play like other children. How sometimes it is a challenge just to weirdo from his bed in the morning. Hearing this it becomes obvious how much normal people take for granted and how we forget how precious life is. Were not bowed down(p) with the strifes and conflicts of a much more complicated life. I only wish he could enjoy the freedom of just being a child.He cries from the seclusion that tears his world apart wondering if he is bad or evil and why he isnt like everyone else. I cant answer, except to say there is a reason we just dont understand it. His ability to live through the nightmare of his life is amazing. Its not easy raising a child with a mental illness but what is even harder is not being accepted by your community because of ignorance and fear. To le t a physical, neurological, biochemical or mental handicap stand in the way of these childrens future would be a major tragedy.

Sleep and Memory

Sleep and Memory Maria del Rocio Gutierrez University of Texas at Brownsville Sleep and Memory We can define sleep as a period of emit and we can define immediate retentivity as an organisms ability to store, uphold, and subsequently retrieve culture. Therefore if the organism rests for a period of time the ability to store, retain and retrieve information leave behind be improved. This study go away focus on how sleeping a minimum of 7 hours a mean solar day volition reflect a notorious improve custodyt in shop.We ordain also be able to comp be if women corroborate better computer storage than men, if there is a epoch-making difference between these devil groups age get out also be compared, we result be able to see if younger people are able to have a better memory than older people. This study will also attention us understand the grandeur of resting on daily bases so we can have a good performance in our daily activities. Past Research Previous Researches have showed that sleep has an impact occasional memory in the long run. Researchers used up to 8 hours of sleep.There were used sixty university scholarly persons, which were asked not to smoke or drink caffeine during daytime. Students had to do this use 12 hours before the test. During the experiment 56 words were presented individually to the students on a com locateer monitor. Two tests were abandoned to the participants. In the first test students were given 10 minutes to see how many words were recalled. Several words were shown to the participants. The second test was 10 minutes as well, with the difference that fourteen school text fields were with the category labels were presented simultaneously on a computer.It was assemble that to a greater extent words were recalled when they were not categorized, and that students who slept 7 hours had a higher recall of words ,(Olaf Reinhard P. ,2007). The importance of this look is to demonstrate how students who slept 7 hours co uld recall easy words given to them during the experiment, (Lahl Pietrowsky, 2007). Previous researches discovered that sleep improves memory, and that also neuronal activity and regional shape flow during sleep form part of an improvement of memory during the day, (Morgrass, Guillem Godbout, 2008).Participants were required to have a night of sleep, there were no early(a) restrictions like in the above study mentioned. Researchers tested the participants twice to control the effect of practice. Participants were tested in the morning and late afternoon. Each test lasted 15 minutes there were presented different photographs of faces taken in the same condition. Researchers divided their sample into two groups, one slept in the laboratory used and the other group slept at their home. Researchers found no significance difference in recalling memory between one group and another.Researchers found that daytime session questionnaire was higher than those in the afternoon. The import ance of this experiment is that researchers show us there is no significance improvement in memory whether they sleep at home or at a clinic, still there is a difference if the participant just rested or if the participant was already awake (Mograss Guillem Godbout, 2008). Previous researches done reflect that a want of sleep would affect memory. These researchers mention that the amygdale modulates the consolidation of long term memory by influencing other areas that are involved in memory processing.Researchers used cardinal volunteers, all of them were students of medicine. Students need to have a regular sleep schedule for a week and no caffeine for at least 4 eld before the experiment. Participants were tested two times, in the morning and at night. Researchers used a shopping list of 16 items presented five dollar bill times to the participants. Complex figures were presented as well. Participants were given different tests such as Corsi block-tapping test, coding test , emotional odball paradigm, digit span test and word stem test. All of these tests involved words, figures or target recall.Researchers found that memory function may be influenced by log time deprivation periods (Saxvig, Lundervold, Gronli, Ursin, Bjorvatan Portas, 2008). Lahl, , Wispel. , Willigens Pietrowsky (2007) researched on how a nap can improve memory where the naps would take from 20 minutes to 45 minutes. Researchers cherished to know if a nap would help improve memory. There were 26 university students used as participants. half of them were men and half women. Students were required to have a regular night sleep. It was not allowed the used of psychoactive medication or the participation of students with sleep-related problems.Each participant needed to wake up no later than 800 oclock in the morning and do not ingest alcoholic beverages or caffeine. The students were put to sleep and were monitored. After 50 minutes they were woken up and tested for recall. Pictu re card games, games requiring visuomotoric skills and mathematical strategies were utilized. Researchers found that after taking a nap the students memory would improve. This research is important because it shows us how young students recall was improved after sleeping. Previous researchers were interested in the process of unlearning or check learning during sleep.Fifty university students of different ages were used in the research. Students were randomly selected in groups were they slept during night, or students who slept during day and were eventually woken up. They had to be non-smokers, not be using any kind of any kind of psychoactive medication, not have any psychiatric illness, not using alcohol or drugs, they had to be non-smokers and also restricted from napping during the day at least 12 hours before the experiment. During the experiment the participants were given twenty-four neutral photographs of everyday objects.The first group was tested between 000 hrs and 700 hours and the second group was tested between 900 hours and 1600 hours. Researchers found that participants memory was improved after sleeping (Lahl Pietrosky, 2007). Overview of the Current Study Our study wanted to show the improvements in memory through sleep. We were trying to prove our hypotheses through our experiment. This study will benefit people by creating a consciousness about(predicate) how crucial it is to have enough sleep, if there is a difference in with memory between men and women, and how important it is to keep a good memory through age.The studies mentioned above have a gap where they do not reflect an exact improvement mentioned by the participants, the belles-lettres needed more statistical information. Our Three research hypotheses are RQ1 People who sleep more than septette hours have better memory than people who sleep less(prenominal) than seven hours. RQ2 grammatical gender is related to memory, females will have better memory than men. RQ3 Younger people will have better memory than older people These hypotheses were derived from the studies made on previous researches, who found that sleep has a beneficial effect in memory.We believe the human being must always try to improve memory, it is key to have all of our memories available whenever we need them. We believe that a human being can develop in a better way if their memory is well functioning. Method Participants In this study college students will be participating. We hope to have 20 females and 20 males. All of the participants will be students from the University of Texas at Brownsville. Materials cognizant Consent Form. An informed consent form will be used in which participants will be informed regarding the materials and procedure(s) used in the study.Students will be assured anonymity and will be given contact information if any question may arise (see extension A). Demographic Questionnaire. This questionnaire will require participants demographic information (e. g. age, ethnicity, year in school, etc. ). The purpose of the Demographic Questionnaire will strictly be used to gather canonic information of who the participants are and any other needed demographic information related to this study (see Appendix B). Memory Word List. 15 words will be presented to each student. They will have one minute to look at them, afterwards they will be asked to write down the ones they remember. see Appendix C). Debriefing Form. The final material used in this study will be a verbal and written debriefing form. This material will help us as researchers to study the immediate term memory and see if people who sleep at least 7 hours a day have a better memory. (see Appendix D) Procedure The procedure taken in this study will be as follows. The principal investigator of the study will hand out a written informed consent to inform the participants the purpose, benefits and length of time the study will take to complete.Once participants agree to participa te, the Demographic Questionnaire will be administered to expedite the completion of the task. Following the completion of the demographics each student will be presented 15 words for a time of 1 minute, adjoining they will write down on a separate sheet of paper as many words as they can recall in 1 minute. Once participants have completed the task they will be orally debriefed, thanked and dismissed. The total time to complete the study for each participant will be less than 10 minutes. ResultsThe first hypothesis indicated that there would be a significant difference in memory between people who slept seven hours or more (M=8. 14, S. D. =1. 96), and people who slept less than seven hours (M= 8. 14, S. D. = 2. 26). The results showed that there was no significance difference between these two variables. A T-test was used to compare these two groups (see figure 1). The second prediction stated that there would be a difference between gender and memory. Women would recall more word s than men. It was found that males (M=1. 67, S. D. = . 48) recalled less words than women (M=1. 78, S. D. =. 4). A T- test was used to compare these two groups The final hypothesis predicted that age was related with memory. People with age of eighteen to twenty five were considered as younger participants (M=29. 71, S. D. =7. 11), people with age twenty six and above were considered as older participants (M=32, S. D. =11. 56). A T-test was used to compare these two groups. Discussion The findings for this research did not support our hypotheses. According to other researches or previous literature, people who did not sleep 7 hours or more would have difficulties with memory (Lahl Pietrosky, 2007).The literature used for this research did not support our hypotheses because our results did not reflect a significant difference between people who did sleep 7 hours or more hours and those who did not sleep 7 or less hours. We could not find similarities with previous studies. Such st udies reflected a significant difference. The same issue happened with our two other hypotheses. Our second hypothesis did not reflected a significant difference between men and womens memory. Our third hypothesis did not show a significant difference as well.There was no remarkable difference between young people and older people we classified young people from age 18 through age 25, and older people from age 26 and above. We did notice two major limitations during the experiment. The most important is the amount of participants in the research. We believe that in order to have a significant difference a minimum of 100 participants should be used for the research. Having more participants will give more information to compare with. Our amount of participants were 30 students, which gives very little information and does not help to reflect a significant difference.Another issue was the uneven amount of men and women. We feel there should be a balanced number to reflect a significan t difference. Our findings are important because the results are not the same as all of the other studies, this means that there could be a probability that our study could make a difference in researches of this type. Future research will involve again memory and sleep, but we will increase the number of participants and consider the time of the day to test participants. 317.

Everyones day starts in the morning Essay

E actuallyones day starts in the morning and ends in the even out or night. It is very important to know when a someone unremarkably wakes up, eats or sleeps at night because these all activities affect the persons biological clock. If a person is not following his/her daily routine, it arsehole put the person in trouble. For example, if a baby is not sleeping when he/she is supposed to, she flock have really badly next day. Not following a daily schedule can disrupt the sensations of your brain. There are two crucial differences between working in the morning and in the flush, such as, changes of mood and behavior and changes in diet.The first difference of working in the morning and evening is the changes in persons mood and behavior. Unlike evening workers, morning workers are more energetic and fresh-minded. Morning workers work more efficiently than evening workers because they have gotten enough sleep at night, so their body has recharged for the next morning. Moreover, working at sunrise helps the humans body to be productive. However, evening workers sometimes become lazy to do their job properly. Sometimes, they cant focus on what they are doing because of irregular sleeping hours. Moreover, not having regular hours of sleep can cause a person to become depressed and mentally unstable.The second difference is the changes in persons diet. Unlike the evening workers, morning workers usually have their breakfast before they start working. Then, they usually get hungry at noon because they have already burned the energy which they gathered from breakfast. So, thats how their diets are regular. On the contrary, evening workers have time just to do their lunch. For instance, if a person is working from 7 pm to 6 am, he/she pass on sleep right after his/her working shift. Then, after waking up at noon, they get hungry and eat lunch. So, thats how not having a breakfast or dinner will disrupt their diet. Disrupting a workers diet can cause them many un intended consequences.In conclusion, it is really difficult to change a persons biological clock. There are many negative results of working in the evening. In addition, irregular working schedule make the day-by-day activities tougher to complete. A person cant get enough time to do his/her day-to-dayactivities. However, morning workers have the best productivity to do their job. getting enough sleep at night and working at sunrise are two factors that give energy to morning workers. Changes in a persons mood and behavior and changes in a persons diet are two major differences of working in the morning and evening.

American History II

wizard of the wonders of the innovational world is the influx of modern ideas and the continuing good of the quality of human lives. The contemporary society caters to the innovations on the lifestyles and needs of people. Due to the inescapable changes in the needs of people and the creations of their productive and innovative minds, they develop dwellings that fit peoples needs. As a result, cities have been created and argon continuing to grow with the process of industrialization and modernization. Cities render various advantages to its settlers. One of its main advantages is the promotion of commerce.The degree of civilization and knowledge existing in a country groundwork be estimated through the proportion of the population living in the towns and cities. In cities, the contrasting aspects of the city is true and improved. There are also people offering the same trade and services. Thus, there is infinite rivalry, which leads to improvement (Dana, 1848). Cities were or iginally founded by individuals who congregated for the purpose of national protection and defense. However, in countries with well established governments, men yet resort to settling in the urban due to its advantages.The high scale and affluence of the business legal proceeding in cities could not be found elsewhere. Furthermore, the subdivisions of employments offer various fields of exercise in different skills and talents (McCulloch, 1852). As a result, cities became the center of political and economic freedom. In the medieval era, cities were toilsome by entrepreneurs who profited from the restrictions of the lords and the vassals. Nowadays, cities are also the center of the political and economic arena (Lachmann, 2002). The development of cities also has negative implications.The increasing engrossment of the population in cities tends to congest the dwelling and cause little social and economic mobility. High concentrated places are also characterized by poverty due to the numerous structural factors in the urban purlieu (Gilbert, 2004). In addition, the standard of living becomes low, and people are having a difficult time in want for employment due to the numerous people seeking for stemmas. Urbanization also poses a threat to the surroundings, industries and factories slide by to grow and come out that may bring substances and elements noxious to our environment (Gilbert, 2004).Due to the growing problems brought by urbanisation and congesting cities, the U. S. government began its attempts to address these problems through the implementation of various programs which aim to help the citizens in the cities. They improved their health care and social welfare to help people without homes and employment. They also strengthened the laws which aim to protect the people and the environment in the noxious effects of urbanization. References Dana, W. B. (1848). Merchants Magazine and Commercial Review. New York Published At 142 Fulton Street. Gilb ert, M. A.(2004, April). More than job creation A case study of empowerment zones and opportunities for economic mobility (Abstract). Paper presented at the annual run across of the The Midwest Political Science Association, Palmer House Hilton, Chicago, Illinois. All Academic. Retrieved August 11, 2008 from http//www. allacademic. com/meta/p83598_index. html. Lachmann, R. (2002). Capitalists in Spite of Themselves. New York Oxford UP. McCulloch, J. R. (1852). A Dictionary, Practical, Theoretical, and Historical, of Commerce and Navigation. London Longman, Brown, Green and Longmans.